New Ideas Into Cause and Effect Essay Topics about Animals Never Before Revealed

New Ideas Into Cause and Effect Essay Topics about Animals Never Before Revealed There are a lot of kinds of essays there in the world you can just lose your head. You will discover a range of argumentative essay topics but picking the perfect one might be the basic and the very first step to compose an influential essay. If you're struggling, you always have the option to acquire help by employing an essay writing service such as ours. Finally, you've got to examine the paper on multiple topics. Once you've got a notion of what topic you want to write about, then you'll will need to include several sections as a piece of your essay. The upcoming few sections are devoted to the cause and effect essay topics list and methods to opt for the ideal idea. No wonder you will discover some trending cause and effect essays in the subject of academia. The environmental field is full of various facets and consequently intriguing cause and effect essay topics. With research, general topics will need to get avoided. You might think that political and socioeconomic topics are excessively dull for you, but your professor is going to be impressed with this kind of research. The Chronicles of Cause and Effect Essay Topics about Animals At length, the testing of merchandise on animals is totally unnecessary because viable alternatives are readily available. If you must compose a cause and effect essay on animals, then there's a range of unique approaches which you could take. Research blast fishing to figure out why it's used over other fishing procedures, and write about the consequences of blast fishing on marine ecosystems. Fast modifications, introducing unfamiliar species, and trading animal parts are only some of the reasons for th e endangerment. The exotic species might not lead to considerable difficulties, and they're also natural native species in the habitat. As a result, if you should have a look at mammals, then you would take a look at how reproduction occurs, together with various details regarding the gestation period, followed by the authentic act of birth itself. As a way to compose an excellent academic essay on animals, you must comprehend the subject really well. Cause and Effect Essay Topics about Animals - the Conspiracy While describing a health problem such as some sort of disease, it's possible to include several consequences. You may be angry or frustrated, but there might be long-term effects too, including a potential increase in blood pressure. The factors for smoking and the effects in the long term. Just take a look at the causes and effects of poor hygiene. The only means to minimize the devastating effects of air pollution is going to be to produce effective methods of reducing air pollution. It causes a number of environmental effects in addition to the effects on humans and animals. It is the leading cause of respiratory diseases. It can also cause worsening of existing heart problems, asthma, and other lung complications. The previous paragraph which reinstates the major idea functions as the conclusion. For you to think of a great structure for your essay you need to identify the principal subject for discussion. It's possible to select a topic from the list in accordance with the requirement of your course and get started writing your essay hook and the remaining part of the essay effortlessly. Now, it's high time for you to begin writing your paper you understand how to compose a great essay, understand the sequence of writing actions and are prepared to finish the paper. If you're tasked with writing a cause and effect paper there are lots of topics you may want to cover. Topics for cause and effect essay could be variable, but the paper presupposes that the author should do a great deal of analyses and discover the root of the problem under review, the explanations for it and the resultant outcomes. Cause and effect essay have many sub-types. Cause and effect essays are among the simplest to write. When you're writing your paper, look at the subsequent 10 things which you should know. Don't forget you ought to not simply select the suitable topic but stick to the proper structure of the paper to make a high grading cause and effect work. Then it would be good to create an outline because in such a way you're not likely to puzzle yourself and get confused in your thoughts. When you create the outline, you can be certain regarding the successful completion of the full essay.

Essay about American Propaganda During World War II

No one anticipated the international chaos that would emerge during the twentieth century, especially the devastation caused by World War I, World War II, and the Cold War. World War II was the most destructive war in human history and changed the history of the world forever, engaging the world’s most influential superpowers in the largest international event of the era. World War II was fought not only by the armed forces, but also by the home fronts of every belligerent nation, exhausting the economy, the industry, and the morale of those living at home, escalating the conflict into a total war that was larger and fought more expansively than any other conflict in history. The use of American propaganda in the World War II war effort†¦show more content†¦Because the war started out with Axis victories, New Year’s of 1941-1942 was a tough year for the United States. The cartoon shows the slithering Axis snakes haunting Uncle Sam as a terrible hangover from Ne w Year’s Eve. In his cartoon depicting Germany as a dachshund, he writes, â€Å"The Man who was SO LOW, he could walk under a Dachshund’s belly.† Dr. Seuss chooses a dachshund to depict Hitler and Germany as sub-human, but he also picks the breed to show how low Germany is as a country of people. Underneath the dog is Pierre Laval, the French premier who supported Nazi Germany (why Dr. Seuss picked him as the â€Å"man so low†) and was targeted often in Dr. Seuss’s cartoons. Besides the cartoons that portrayed Germany, Japan, and Italy as sub-human savages, animations were used to depict the enemy in the same way. The American government and army turned to Walt Disney for his animation propaganda. In â€Å"Der Fuhrer’s Face,† Walt Disney mocks Nazy Germany and Japan through satirizing the language, body stance, and culture of Adolf Hitler and his followers and allies. Disney satirizes Hitler by overly emphasizing the Hitler salute to come across as irritating and brainwashing. Donald Duck wakes up in Nazi Germany, portrayed as having a low quality of life in Nazi Germany with a breakfast consisting of the â€Å"aroma of bacon and eggs,† and bread made of wood. A Nazi shouts at him, â€Å"Improve the mind, Heil Hitler!† asShow MoreRelatedTo what extent did the French Resistance assist in the allies liberation of France?888 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Resistance (La Rà ©sistance franà §aise) was a collaboration of individual movements against the German occupation of France and the Vichy regime that complied with the Nazis during World War II. Starting in 1940 and ending with the liberation of France, French people from all ends of the economic and political spectrum united in different Rà ©sistance groups to perform guerilla attacks, run underground newspapers, provide intelligence to and from the allies, and manage escape networks to alliedRead MoreUse Of Propaganda During World War II1719 Words   |  7 PagesUse and Impact of Propaganda during World War II The second most devastating global conflict, also known as World War II, left over 60 million dead creating panic and fear for citizens all over the world. During these hard times the citizens, dealing with a national crisis, needed something to give them hope that there will be betters days. Propaganda was used in political cartoons to release information that contained biased views and over exaggerations to gain support for the war. These cartoonsRead MoreThe Role the Media Played in Helping the United States Join World War II1142 Words   |  5 PagesStates join World War Two. To be specific, World War Two occurred between the years of 1939 to 1945. A brief synopsis of the developments of media outlets and their importance prior to the war will be investigated. Leaders of all the Allie Forces will be evaluated in this essay. The essay will focus primarily on the rise of media impact on the citizens of the United States. The Soviet Union will be mentioned but only minor. Two of the sources used in this essay Freedom Forge: How American BusinessRead MoreJapanese Internment Camps During The World War II1572 Words   |  7 Pages During the second World War, the United States government produced and circulated several forms of propaganda with varying intentions. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, posters and leaflets dehumanizing the Japanese promoted racial and cultural hatred towards an entire country. Though the targets of American WWII propaganda varied, a major sentiment expressed throughout the war was a cultural and racial hatred toward Axis powers which emphasized stereotypes and harbored an unfounded hatredRead MoreJosh Saskin. Accelerated Us History. February 13, 2017.1742 Words   |  7 PagesAccelerated US History February 13, 2017 The Effect of American Propaganda in World War II Following the United States’ entry into World War II and with national governments battling for the hearts and minds of the people, propaganda became an industry of war just as â€Å"important as producing bullets and planes.† In the words of Archibald MacLeish, assistant director of the Office of War Information and librarian of Congress, â€Å"The principal battleground of the war is not the South Pacific. It is not the MiddleRead MorePropaganda During World War Two Essay1029 Words   |  5 PagesPropaganda During World War Two During World War II propaganda was ubiquitous. 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Hitler continued by criticizing the German lead ership for failing to use propaganda in anyRead MoreThe Best War Ever By Michael C.c933 Words   |  4 PagesStates, World War II is believed to be a good war, and why wouldn’t it be considered as such? During World War II, in addition to stopping mass genocide and stopping the spread of Nazism and Fascism, the United States beat Japan after their attack on Pearl Harbor. As a result, the U.S. was no longer in the Depression and the United States became a world power. However, in â€Å"The Best War Ever,† Michael C.C. Adams argues that as a result of Hollywood’s glamorization of the war, government propaganda/censorshipRead MoreThe War Of The World War II846 Words   |  4 Pagesso many different events that happened during this time. One of the most major events that effected the world is World War II. It is an event that will never be forgotten because of how many different countries were involved and how it affected the Jews as well. During the war, the Uni ted States started to put up posters to get people to join the army and there were other countries that convinced the people to invest money into the war. Without the propaganda and the use of artwork on posters andRead MoreWorld War Ii and Propaganda Posters1427 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War II and Propaganda Posters Propaganda during World War II was escalated to perhaps the greatest heights in history. Propaganda is used to manipulate information to influence public opinion, rather than merely communicate the facts about something. The American government used propaganda posters to persuade people to conserve material needed by soldiers, to discourage gossip about information heard about the war effort, and to invest

Business Project Plan The Forensic Accounting

Question: Describe about the Business Project Plan for The Forensic Accounting. Answer: Research background, problems and its aims The forensic accounting can be defined as the implementation of the specialized knowledge related to the accounting, auditing and investigating the economic situation of any business organization or government authority. In the recent years it is observed that the incidents of fraud in private organizations as well as in government organizations are increased (Pedneault, Silverstone, Rudewicz Sheetz, 2012). Therefore the big business organizations are proactively trying to check up the economic situation of the organization to avoid any possibility of economic fraud in the organization. There are several examples of economic frauds like the WorldCom scandal in the year 2002, to the Mossack Fonseca scandal in the recent times that caused economic loss for the business organization as well as for the governments (Imoniana, Antunes Formigoni, 2013). Therefore it can be said that the economic frauds are still an issue that needs to be addressed by both the business organization as well as government authorities. Again with the emergence of the e-commerce for doing business also increased the probability of economic frauds in both public and private sector (Rezaee, Lo, Ha Suen., 2016). Although the transactions that are performed are audited under the internal as well as the external auditors, yet there is a chance of fraud in this business processes. As opined by Othman et al. (2015) the numbers of the financial or economic frauds are increasing everyday in the whole world, the forensic accounting is getting more important for the accounting and auditing of the financial statements of the organizations. Therefore the organizations should try to implement the forensic accounting in their accounting processes in order to find out any financial crime that is happening inside the organization. Moreover the forensic accounting can provide litigation support to the organization as well as the quantifying the economic damages of the organization due to a fraud. The forensic accounting helps in investigation of the criminal activities related to the economy of the organization, resolving the partnership and stakeholder disputes related to the business. As an investigator the forensic investigator needs to be able in working under regulatory environment and with a desired degree of accuracy (Pedneault, Silverstone, Rudewicz Sheetz, 2012). Also the forensic accountant must possess the ability to reconstruct the destroyed, missing or the deceptive accountancy related information so that the actual loss in the business or the social harm can be estimated accurately depending on the different econometric models and opportunity cost scenarios. Research Questions The research attempted to address the following questions, a) How and to what degree the presence of a forensic accountant can prevent the economic fraud in the organizations. b) To what extent the existence of the external auditor can help in detection and prevention of the frauds in the business organizations as well as government organizations. References Imoniana, J. O., Antunes, M. T. P., Formigoni, H. (2013). The forensic accounting and corporate fraud.JISTEM-Journal of Information Systems and Technology Management,10(1), 119-144 Othman, R., Aris, N. A., Mardziyah, A., Zainan, N., Amin, N. M. (2015). Fraud Detection and Prevention Methods in the Malaysian Public Sector: Accountants and Internal Auditors Perceptions.Procedia Economics and Finance,28, 59-67 Pedneault, S., Silverstone, H., Rudewicz, F., Sheetz, M. (2012).Forensic accounting and fraud investigation for non-experts. John Wiley Sons. Rezaee, Z., Lo, D., Ha, M., Suen, A. (2016). Forensic Accounting Education and Practice: Insights From China.Journal of Forensic Investigative Accounting,8(1).

RFP Response Roundtable Procurement Experts Divulge Best Practice Tips

RFP RESPONSE ROUNDTABLE: PROCUREMENT EXPERTS DIVULGE BEST PRACTICE TIPS Have you landed the world’s largest customer? The U.S. government is the largest single purchaser of goods and services in the world, awarding approximately $500 billion in contracts every year. And the government isn’t only interested in contracting with big corporations. Most government agencies set aside a percentage of their acquisitions for small businesses, sometimes focusing on specific designations like: women-owned small businesses (WOSB), service-disabled veteran-owned small businesses (SDVOSB), and small businesses that are located in historically underutilized business zones (HUBZone). In fact, 23 percent of all prime government contract dollars (totaling over $90 billion annually) are directed to small businesses. But you have to jump through lots of hoops to get a share of those billions. The government contracting process is notoriously rife with legalese and red tape. Reading a complex RFP is challenging enough, but composing an articulate response that addresses all points can seem mindboggling indeed. So, we’ve rounded up a panel of experts to help cut through the jargon (also see the glossary at the bottom of this post). We interviewed experienced procurement professionals to determine the ins and outs of writing a show-stopping RFP response. They shared opinions on how to get your RFP response noticed as well as practices guaranteed to land your proposal straight in the trash bin. Meet the Experts Kyla Moore is a contracts specialist for the State of Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction. Brett Cook is a contract specialist for the Department of Veterans Affairs. Kelly Porter is Senior Multimodal Planner at Capital Area Metropolitan Planning Organization. Lourdes Coss is a procurement professional with over 25 years of experience, and the author of Procurement Methods: Effective Techniques. Beth Morley taught courses in Business Communication and Advanced Business Communication at the University of Texas at Dallas, within the Naveen Jindal School of Management. Carol Wilson is Director of Procurement for the State of Connecticut Department of Administrative Services. Q: What are things you like to see in a proposal? Kyla: Well designed, professional proposals tend to visually stand out. However, that doesn’t always mean they contain the best content or are best suited to provide the services requested in the RFP. In the end, the proposal that best meets the requirements and is most advantageous to the State will be declared successful. Kelly: All tasks were addressed in the proposal response and a unique approach is clearly articulated. Clear budget with staff time allocations, project timeline, and an executive summary. Brett: An RFP response that stands out from the crowd is one that first and foremost has followed the â€Å"Instructions to Offerors† carefully. Many companies gloss over the instructions on what exactly they need to include in their response. Also a response that looks professional, organized, and one that is easy to navigate (table of contents, clear section headings, etc.). I personally like to see a company’s price quote separate from the technical proposal when submitting responses electronically. Beth: When responding to RFPs in general, make sure you do basic things like spell the company name right and take the time to explain to them that you understand their problem. Make sure it’s personalized and customized to their particular problem. Show expertise in their industry and that you’re not just providing generic solutions to the problem. Carol: Some companies have it together and present their information in a really organized format. You can tell they read the RFP, understood it, and are responsive. They took their time in reading it and knowing what they need to provide. Q: What are things that land a proposal in the reject pile? Kyla: Late proposals are the biggest cause for rejection in our agency. Additionally, incomplete proposals may be deemed non-responsive. Kelly: When a proposal is non-responsive or does not include required documentation. We follow our proposal format guidelines closely. Brett: Mistakes, such as not addressing all of the evaluation factors, not signing and acknowledging all amendments to the solicitation, and submitting responses after the specified due date and time, all send the proposal to the reject pile. Lourdes: Disorganized proposals because that forces the committee to spend a lot of time figuring it out so they could be a little frustrated. Canned proposals that are so general you can tell that no thought was put into it. Sometimes people use a previously submitted proposal and forget to change the name of the agency – this shows a lack of attention to detail. Incomplete proposals where they don’t submit all of the required forms. Q: What are the biggest mistakes you’ve seen companies make? Beth: You have to follow directions because [government agencies] will disqualify you for any little thing you miss. Whatever their requirements, make sure you’ve ticked off each thing and follow their specific format. Don’t get overly verbal. Look at the way you’re formatting your proposal so you don’t give them a novella. Carol: If the RFP includes a sample contract, read that, too, to make sure you can agree to the terms and conditions. Some companies just look at the price schedule and skim over the terms and conditions, which can lead to problems. This is usually due to a lack of reading. Lourdes: Sometimes [companies] are worried about meeting the criteria on financial capacity or don’t have all their financial information in order, so they don’t submit the required financial information. Here’s a suggestion: [Rather than leaving the information out altogether], say, â€Å"We’re privately held,† offer a ratio for your total assets, and add, â€Å"If you need more information, you’re welcome to coordinate a meeting with us, and we’ll show you our space.† Q: What are contractors most confused about in the RFP process? Kyla: The question I tend to see most often is from independent consultants asking how to represent their team structure and/or internal controls. This part of our proposal asks the vendor to provide a description of the proposed project team structure and internal controls to be used during the course of the project. Many independent consultants are confused by this part because they are the sole person providing the task. We suggest that they simply identify themselves as a sole proprietor that will provide all services listed in the procurement, if that is the case. Brett: Many companies want to meet with contracting officers or end users at the hospital regarding specific upcoming requirements. We cannot discuss specifics before a solicitation is posted publicly on either FBO or GSA. This keeps certain companies from having an unfair advantage when responding to solicitations. The best thing a company can do is to view solicitation postings daily on GSA or FBO to see if there are requirements they are capable of responding to. Also, many small businesses do not know the best way to get their foot in the door with the government. The best first steps small businesses can take is to visit the Small Business Administration’s website, SBA.gov, or contact their local government agency’s contracting office to see if they can speak to their Small Business Liaison. Lourdes: [Companies] have trouble interpreting terminology. These forms are often drafted with legalese, not business language. As procurement officials, we advocate for simpler language but sometimes it has to be written a certain way. Procurement officials have trouble with forms that are filled out incorrectly or incompletely. Carol: Government doesnt make it easy. I was in private procurement for 15 years before I came here. The processes are the same but it’s different in government because of all the laws the attorneys implement in the contract. In Connecticut, our basic contract is over 30 pages long. It intimidates small businesses to look at that without hiring a lawyer. In each state there’s a PTAC, a Procurement Technical Assistance Center, funded by the state and federal government. While I cant help a vendor respond to an RFP, these centers can help them write and respond better. Q: What should companies do when an RFI is issued? Lourdes: This is your opportunity to offer strategies without revealing corporate secrets. The agency probably hasn’t even formulated the problem. You can present examples of technology that you’ve implemented somewhere else, and this helps the agency in their thought process as they’re developing the RFP requirements. This allows you to position yourself to make your technology and your products more desirable. You put yourself in a better position if you take advantage of this preview opportunity and respond to the RFI. Carol: For an RFI, [government agencies] just want information. [RFIs] dont end up as an award, so just share what you have, so we can learn from you and your product or service. This enables us to be better educated. Q: Tips for Women- or Minority-Owned or Economically Disadvantaged Small Businesses? Lourdes: The set asides for these are usually smaller projects, routine tasks that are not high profile. But it could be a multi-year contract. Sometimes these groups go beyond the scope of the RFP and end up being too [costly], making them less competitive. Instead of pricing a Cadillac, price within the scope. Ask questions to clarify the scope. Then if you have â€Å"value added,† you can price that separately. Carol: In Connecticut, we set aside 25% for small and minority businesses. Each state has a different spin on it. The federal government and state government have different requirements so there’s a lot to sort through if you’re a small local business. We try to help with educating them on requirements and on how to do business with the state. I would advise them to be as complete as possible and dont hesitate to call with questions. But call before the due date! Start working on your proposal as soon as possible. RFP Dos and Donts RFP Response Best Practice Provide clean and crisp writing, free of grammatical errors. Maintain a professional tone and incorporate industry jargon. Use substantive language without filler. Format the document according to RFP specifications. Fully understand the solicitation and address all points. RFP Response Red Flags Offering gifts, loans, or gratuities to government employees. Submitting a late proposal. Providing vague statements instead of specific details. Using fluffy language instead of professional wording. Overinflating your price. Including technical or grammatical errors. If you aren’t selected for a contract, consider asking for a debriefing to learn what may have influenced that decision and what you can improve on future proposals. GLOSSARY Proposal Jargon RFP: â€Å"Request for Proposal† – A formal invitation for contractors to submit a proposal to provide certain goods or services. RFI: â€Å"Request for Information† – Issued in advance of an RFP, an RFI is used to gather information about what contractors have the potential to offer. IFB: A formal request for contractors to submit a bid. The IFB selection is made strictly on price, whereas the RFP selection process considers other factors. RFQ: Similar to an IFB, the RFQ invites contractors to bid on a project. Selection is based on price without considering the more extensive factors involved in an RFP. Small Business Special Classifications Some of these classifications receive nearly 10% of federal contracts, making it well worth the effort to achieve certification. HUBZone: These businesses are located in Historically Underutilized Business (HUB) Zones. WOSB: Women-Owned Small Businesses. EDWOSB: Economically Disadvantaged Women-Owned Small Businesses. SDVOSBC: Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business Concern Procurement Program. SDB: Small Disadvantaged Business. Procurement Vocabulary Offer: A reply to an agency’s solicitation. Acceptance: An action that forms a legally binding agreement. Consideration: The cause for entering into a contract. Mutuality of Obligation: Agreement that both parties are bound to the contract. Major Roles in Government Contracting Contract Manager: Drafts documents, communicates with the contractor, monitors progress and performance, and approves the final product. Contract Administrator: Handles contract changes, dispute resolution, payment approval, and contract closeout. Purchaser: The authorized purchasing agent who legally binds the agency and enforces laws, policies, and procedures.

Crucible Essay What is the dramatic significance of Act 2 Essays

Crucible Essay What is the dramatic significance of Act 2 Essays Crucible Essay What is the dramatic significance of Act 2 Essay Crucible Essay What is the dramatic significance of Act 2 Essay Consider the effects of character and action; the effect of dramatic devices; the layers of meaning in language, ideas themes; the historical context. Act two begins in the common room of The Proctors household. It has been eight days since Abigail and the girls made their accusations against the innocent people within the community of Salem. At the beginning of the scene the common room is empty and the only thing that can be heard is the voice of Elizabeth Proctor softly singing to her children. John soon arrives and as Elizabeth enters the common room the couple engage in a conversation of small talk that appears so painful it suggests tension. It appears that John has done wrong, as he is constantly trying to please her, and yet she seems most unimpressed. The scene progresses as the two sit down for dinner. Their servant, Mary Warren has defied the orders of John and Elizabeth by going to the courts in Salem. Elizabeth informs John that there have been fourteen arrests, she also tells him that the court have the power to hang the accused and that the Deputy Governor promises that people will be hung if they do not confess. John is bewildered by the arrests but reassures Elizabeth that Abigail swore her dancing had nothing to do with witchcraft. Elizabeth wants him to give this statement in court, but he protests that he cannot as Abigail told him this information while they were alone together. On hearing this Elizabeths faith in John is totally demolished, as he had previously told her that Abigail had sworn this with a crowd. John demands that Elizabeth stop judging him, he says that he feels like his home is a courtroom. Elizabeth replies that the real court is in his own heart. At this point John proctors attention is drawn to a noise outside he decides to investigate, as he goes to the door Mary Warren enters, he goes immediately to her and unleashing his anger he grabs her and shakes her violently. He harshly questions her demanding to know why she defied his orders, and left his wife on her own. As if to compensate Mary presents Elizabeth with a doll that she made for her in court. She tells John that there have now been thirty nine arrests, she also reveals that Goody Osburn will hang and that Sarah Good will not as she confessed to making a compact with Lucifer. As John hears this news his guilt (shown by anger) grows, he argues with Mary over whether or not she can return to the witch trials. John inevitably uses violence to try and win his case, and so in defence Mary reveals that she saved the life of Elizabeth earlier that day as her name was brought up in the court. The fact that Elizabeths was mentioned brings Reverend Hale to the Proctors household. He notes several things, for one that their youngest son is not baptized and two, their relationship with Reverend Parris is not one of a positive nature. He also asks them to recite the Ten Commandments. John gives the first nine, and then stumbles ironically on adultery. At this point the stage direction that describes John reads as though a secret arrow had pained his heart, showing the guilt and shame that John Proctor feels as his wife has to remind him of the last commandment. While being questioned by Hale, Giles Corey and Francis Nurse rush into The Proctors home, with news that their wives have been arrested. Soon after, Ezekiel Cheever and Herrick arrive at The Proctors home with a warrant for Elizabeths Arrest. Hale is shocked as, last he heard Elizabeth had not been charged at all. Ezekiel Cheever asks Elizabeth if she has ever kept any dolls, Elizabeth replies that she has not kept a doll since she was a little girl, but Ezekiel sees the doll made my Mary and finds a needle inside it. He immediately relates that Abigail had a fit at dinner that evening and Parris found a needle stabbed into her stomach. He also recalls that Abigail had accused Elizabeth of witchcraft. Elizabeth calls Mary downstairs to tell Ezekiel that it was her that made the doll, but despite Marys statement that she made the doll and Abigail saw her do it, Elizabeth is taken away. Angry Proctor demands that Mary testify against Abigail in court. Mary, who is petrified by Abigail and the power she has over the community, screams that she cannot. Act two plays a vital role within The Crucible by Arthur Miller. As Act two begins we are introduced to the Proctors, as principal characters. John Proctor has appeared in the previous Act, but his wife Elizabeth, though previously described by Abigail, we have never met. However when we do meet her we immediately see a harsh contrast between the Elizabeth earlier described and the Elizabeth now being shown to us. This is important as it allows us to see, Abigails for what she really is. In Act one Abigail describes Goody Proctor as a cold snivelling woman. Also as a liar, she is blackening my name in the village! She is telling lies about me! Implying that Elizabeth is an untrustworthy gossip, and a jealous, spiteful woman. But when she is introduced in Act two she is heard singing softly to her children, Elizabeth is heard singing softly to her children. This tells us that Elizabeth is in fact a warm and loving person. From these quotes we begin to learn about the characters of the two women, we begin to see Elizabeth as a victim and Abigail as a liar, it is also apparent that Abigail feels a strong passion of hate towards Elizabeth. In Act two we see that this hate has arisen from jealousy. An affair, between Abigail and John spirals and escalates into the hysteria of witchcraft. Act two allows us to see the way the affair has affected the lives of the Proctors. Though they both love each other greatly the affair has caused awkwardness between them. As they eat their dinner John tells Elizabeth that he will buy George Jacobs Heifer to make her happy, he then remarks with a grin as indicated by the stage directions, I mean to please you, Elizabeth. The next line belongs to Elizabeth and it reads; I know it, John. It is hard to say is the stage direction that follows this line, and is evidence of the awkwardness that overshadows their relationship. John, experiencing guilt is desperately trying to gain back the trust of Elizabeth. He is constantly aware of her increasing loss of faith in him. Though she denies this loss of faith when confronted, her tone of speech suggests otherwise, and she later admits to keeping a cold house It were a cold house I kept, meaning that she had made sure the house in which they lived was rid of any form of human warmth or emotion. Johns constant need for forgiveness is what later plays a part to his eventual confession of his adultery.

How to Capitalize and Punctuate Quotations

How to Capitalize and Punctuate Quotations How to Capitalize and Punctuate Quotations How to Capitalize and Punctuate Quotations By Mark Nichol The guidelines for quoting a person or a publication are detailed but straightforward. Here is a summary of basic procedures. If a quoted word, phrase, sentence, or longer unit of text is described appositively (that is, if a descriptive word or phrase equivalent to the text it describes is immediately adjacent to that text), as in â€Å"Consider the saying ‘A stitch in time saves nine,’† note that no punctuation intervenes between the description (here, saying) and the saying itself. However, if a simple attribution such as â€Å"Smith said† directly precedes a quotation, separate the attribution from the quotation with a comma: â€Å"Smith said, ‘A stitch in time saves nine.’† But if the attribution is an independent clause that sets the context for the quotation (as in â€Å"Smith had this to say about the issue: ‘A stitch in time saves nine’†), use a colon after the attribution, as shown. When a seamless integration of the attribution and the quotation occurs, omit punctuation between them and do not capitalize the first word of the quotation (unless it is a proper noun), even if it began a sentence in its original spoken or written form: â€Å"The commission asserts that ‘as a general rule, the full board should have primary responsibility for risk oversight.’† Reducing a full quotation to a partial one is also a good strategy when a speaker says something eloquent, pithy, or vivid but does so as part of a bland, convoluted, or ungrammatical statement. If the quotation is an incomplete sentence, or you want to isolate the effective part of the sentence, format the partial sentence as described above: â€Å"Smith said that he hoped to ‘knock some sense into people’ with his new program.† (Note that a paraphrase can follow as well as precede a partial quotation, with no intervening punctuation.) However, if it’s not necessary or desirable to use any of the source’s exact words, paraphrase the entire comment: â€Å"Smith said that he hoped to attract some attention to the issues with his new program.† When the attribution occurs in the midst of a quotation, commas should precede and follow the quotation: â€Å"‘As a general rule,’ the commission asserts, ‘the full board should have primary responsibility for risk oversight.’† Note that- in American English, at least- the first comma always precedes the close quotation mark(s), because it is part of the quotation, but the second comma precedes the open quotation mark(s), because it is part of the attribution. (Exercise caution when inserting an attribution near the beginning of a quotation, however; doing so before any significant information is provided within the quotation is distracting- why prematurely identify the source of what is, so far, nearly devoid of context or meaning?) Attribution often follows a quotation: â€Å"‘As a general rule, the full board should have primary responsibility for risk oversight,’ the commission asserts.† If an attribution divides one full sentence from one or more other sentences, the first sentence should end with a comma (or a question mark, an exclamation point, a dash, or an ellipsis) preceding the close quotation marks, but a period should follow the attribution, and the remaining quoted content should begin with a capital letter: â€Å"‘As a general rule, the full board should have primary responsibility for risk oversight,’ the commission asserts. ‘However, other parties may be involved in monitoring risk.’† (Avoid delaying attribution in a quotation consisting of two or more full sentences beyond one sentence, and even consider inserting the attribution in the midst of a long, convoluted sentence so as not to excessively postpone its appearance.) Use a question mark if the quotation is an interrogative or an exclamation point if the content of the quotation preceding the attribution merits that emphasis, employ a dash to indicate suddenly interrupted dialogue, or insert an ellipsis if the speaker deliberately leaves the statement unfinished. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing a Reference Letter (With Examples)The Four Sounds of the Spelling OUThe Difference Between e.g. and i.e.?

Explore the Causes of the Current Financial Crisis That Started in Essay

Explore the Causes of the Current Financial Crisis That Started in 2007 - Essay Example There are various causes for this crisis and this paper shall explore these causes as well as the theoretical views which seem to be relevant in explaining its causes. Body The global financial crisis which started in 2007 is considered one of the most disastrous economic issues the world has ever experienced. In so many ways, it is being likened to the Great Depression seen in 1929, as well as the Russian crisis in 1992 (Banking Law Committee, 2009). Most countries also seem to agree that the main cause of the crisis was the credit boom and the increase in housing prices. As the 2007 was starting to loom over the global market, the US ratio of debt to national income went up by 100% or from 3.75-4.75 to one (Banking Law Committee, 2009). At about the same time, the house prices also increased at a rate of 11% per year. Since 2007, the global market has been hit with various developments which were rooted on the earlier issues on the unfavourable performance of sub-prime mortgages in the US (Banking Law Committee, 2009). The housing boom was followed by a bust which then caused defaults and collapse of mortgages thereby causing financial turmoil. Financial institutions have been met with losses which amounted to billions of dollars and are still continuing to do so (Banking Law Committee, 2009). ... The gravity and the volume of negative financial outcomes at that time, coupled with the impotency of the remedies being carried out also forced the authorities to consider the origins of the crisis and the market tools by which the crisis could be contained and managed. The causes of the financial crisis which started in 2007 shall be considered below. Mortgage lending was considered as one of the main causes of the 2007 financial crisis. Before the crisis, abundant credit, low interest rates, and increased housing prices, the lending conditions were so relaxed that people started to buy houses they could not afford (Murphy, 2008). As prices started to fall and loans were being called in, the shock spread throughout the entire system. The housing bubble also made the crisis worse and the Federal Reserve allowed housing prices to increase at sustainable and impractical rates. As the bubble burst, the crisis was triggered (Labonte, 2007). There was also a lack of transparency and acco untability in mortgage finance. There were numerous bad mortgages throughout the system as well as selling of bad securities. Lenders could sell mortgages to home owners and not feel any accountability for it; this pattern was also seen among brokers, realtors, and individuals in rating agencies as well as other market participants (Jickling, 2010). The crashing housing prices impacted on household wealth, including the spending and defaults on loans by lending institutions. Housing prices from 2000 to 2006 doubled and later subsequently collapsed. The housing bubble was caused by a long period of low interest rates offered by the Federal Reserve and these monetary policies were too permissive for too

Db bus 36 week 16 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Db bus 36 week 16 - Essay Example The main product that the marketing plan was offering to customers was a comprehensive planner called Comp Plan. This product is going to be offered to any interested buyers, but the emphasis of the firm is to target college students. During the process of writing the marketing plan I thought of different potential customers for this product, but college students were the ideal target. An essential part of the plan was explaining the capabilities of the product. It is important to clearly tell people what the product does and what are its benefits. As part of the marketing plan I included a product distribution strategy. This part of the plan is imperative because managers have to have a plan in place on how the product is going to be moved. Another intricate element of the plan was determining the pricing strategy to be used. Price is one of the most influential variables in the success of any marketing

Personal Values And Ethics Of An Italian Essay Example for Free

Personal Values And Ethics Of An Italian Essay Values are defined as â€Å"the deepest beliefs and we sentiments we subscribe to†. Every person has values that they put into practice in their lives whether they realize this or not in other words we all apply values in our day-to-day lives both consciously and unconsciously. An individuals’ set of personal values guides him or her on how to live his or her life. Once these values have been implemented, they enable the implementer to achieve great things in life that they would otherwise not have been able to accomplish. Once an individual has implemented his or her personal values in his or her life, these values then energizes the individual and enables him or her to tackle issues that were previously seen as impossible in other words personal values allow an individual achieve what they dream of. Once a person has identified the values that are important to them they go further and develop strategies to be used in implementation of these values. Upon implementation, these values are said to be able to work wonders in a person’s life in that the person now has a direction in life that guides them in making decisions that are in line with their overall aim. When one identifies a mission philosophy or belief that is meaningful to them in their lives, then that becomes their value. There many categories of values whereby they are ranked as either commonplace or those that is special and psychological. An individual day-to-day life including relations with others and how they approach their work is determined by their personal values. These values are the ones that determine the success of an individual in whether action they dedicate themselves to. Once they are applied it becomes very easy for the person to excel in the workplace and personal life. They are said to have the ability to multiply the impact of an action and in turn the consequences of the act. Italians are very religious people and the biggest percentages of them are Catholics. They follow the tenets of the Catholic Church very strictly. They are very emphatic on the importance of the family and especially the mothers. They come together as families as often as possible and even conduct their businesses as a family. The men are always seen as the bread winners in the house and the women are to take care of the family in all ways. Being brought up in such a setting has shaped my values in to confirming with a lot of the traditional that I found when I was born and grew up in. In 1884, the Italian Republic made an agreement with the Vatican regarding religious education in schools. There was then a provision made that ensured that there would be religious teachings offered in all schools that are below the university level (http://www. beginningwithi. com). Since Italy is a catholic state, it therefore means that these teachings are mostly catholic in nature. This therefore ensures that all Italians who are born and bred in Italy have an option of getting religious teachings in school. It was however noted that not everyone is a catholic or even a Christian. This then led to need to make these teachings optional to those who wanted to learn. Those whose parents did not want them to learn had an option of refusing to allow their children not to learn. Since my family was and still is a very strict catholic follower, I never had the option to even refuse to attend these lessons. In fact this was seen as an added advantage since I would be able to learn more about Jesus Christ and the Virgin Mary alongside the various teachings found in the bible. This would in the long run make me a better Christian and it actually did. Having grown up in a catholic family and also an extended one made my personal values to develop in a way that enables me cope with then. My personal values include success commitment fairness faith family feeling hard work and tolerance. The church I have grown up in has taught me to have faith in what I do and in god and hop that all will end well. This has sustained me all through my life especially at times when I feel emotional and psychologically unstable. At these moments I prefer to go to church and say prayers to calm me down. It has also taught me to be committed and this is what has enabled me to hold one position for 15 years in the same store. In Italian culture, one tends to live with the extended family and this is expected of all people. It is customary for the grandparents to care for their grandchildren which they d thus one has to cope with having a house full of relatives and this makes one tolerant. This has gone a long way in enabling me work with other employees without losing my temper. In under standing their weaknesses I am able to correct them without causing the formation of negative altitude towards me and weakness I am able to correct them without causing the formation of negative altitudes towards the job and me. When correcting their mistakes, I do so just as I would if it were my family member and this makes them feel appreciated and thus workers are motivated. I am currently studying for my B. S in criminal justice. The desire to study this course was prompted by my belief in fairness. I have a very strong conviction that everybody of what his or her previous life has been like. As a Christian I believe that any person can change given the chance. It is also true that there are quite a number of people who are wrongfully accused and convicted and it is necessary to correct such wrongs. By learning the different theories propounded in the course study. I can be able to use them in my workplace and in my day-to-day life to blame where it his not due I avoid unnecessary confrontations with other people. In my 15 years of working at the Vons Grocery store, I have met a number of personalities made a positive impact in my life. Michelle Valverda and Shielha Mosley. These people have taught me how to deal with other employees in order to maximize their output. They have taught me the value of success. It has been clarified in my mind what success really means and not just in monetary terms but also in emotional, psychological and physical well-being. These two people have reminded me the importance of leading a round life without neglecting any part of my life since all are important and are required in measuring the success of an individual. When I joined college to study for the criminal justice course, I met other people who added to my list of personal values. One of them is Ian Barrimond who is a fellow student. He has strengthened my value of tolerance because he is becoming more enjoyable when I do not keep getting angry with people for minor mistakes. Furthermore Ian is really committed to his studies and thus has introduced a new value to my life that is commitments. Apart from attending college he has a very demanding job that does not leave him with much time for himself yet he still manages to find time to dedicate his studies. My teacher is also a major influence to my list of values since he is always insisting on the necessary of hard work. Steven Fraitas insists that only by hard work can one be able to achieve what they want from life. The other major influences in my life are my parents who have always insisted on the family unity. They have never allowed my siblings and I to be on bad terms with each other for long and they have always ensured that any problem that crops up among us is quickly resolved before it goes too far. Also they have used the many family gatherings that we hold to invite all of us including the members of the extended family to make sure that we all remain close. None of us feels like a stranger or outsider because we have never been allowed to have time to drift apart to a point of becoming strangers to each other emotionally. This has made me become even more committed to my own family in the hope that it will be as unified as the family that I grew up in. I work hard so as to provide for my family and make sure that they live as comfortably as I can make them. This is encompassed in the value of family feeling. In Italian culture, one tends to live with their parents long after they have reached the age of maturity (Giannotti E. Rocchi R. 2004). It has been argued by some people that this makes them vulnerable to emotional and mental instability. I beg to differ with this conclusion because instead of destabilizing me this has made me a stronger person in aspects in life. There is an assumption that we should all be married at a certain age but by waiting until the right moment allows one to be able to choose the right partner in life. This is important because in the catholic church one is not allowed to divorce and thus it is necessary to choose someone who one will be able to stay with for the rest of their lives. I am among those people who lived with their parents long after the time that is set as standard for people to move out of their parent’s house. I can testify to the benefits that I reaped from this. Since almost all my brothers and sisters were also living with my parents, we were able to develop our relationship into our adulthood. Not only have we remained close with my brothers and sisters but also with my parents. Since I did not start my family until I was old enough to appreciate what I needed in a spouse, I am then able to treat my spouse the way it has always been in the Italian culture. I was also able to learn a lot from my parents on how to live in peace and harmony in the same house with your spouse.

Sim City Forever :: essays research papers

Amongst the shelves that are packed with the latest computer software, sits a genre of games, that does not get the recognition that it deserves. Simulation games. These games do not give the player level after level of mind-boggling graphics, blood and gore, or even the feeling of accomplishment. Their one purpose is to give the control to the player, that they would normally not get in their everyday lives. By definition a simulation game is a game where the player must take on a role that is different than his or her everyday life. Within the genre, the software leader is clearly Maxis. Maxis virtually created the realm of simulation gaming. With the release of Sim City, Maxis changed the lives of game players everywhere. The purpose of Sim City was to give control to the player, of a modern city. At the beginning of the game, the player is given three vital options. First, the player must decide what time period he/she wants the games to take place in. The times consist of 1900, 1950, or 2000. No matter where you have started, the game ends at the same point. Second, they must choose a size for their city. The city's size is defined by the amount of squares of building space available. They are then categorized as small, medium, and large. Finally, the player must decide on a name. The name of the city is the one thing that they do not offer choices for. It is completely your choice. The game has already put the player where they want to be, in control. After the startup screen, the player views a blank area k nown as your city's 'Terrain.'; That is where the fun begins. The player's next duty is to start building. Essentially what is happening is that the player is assuming the role of a god-like figure. They are given the control to make decisions such as, laying railroad tracks, placing hospitals, police stations, fire stations, zoning, laying water pipes, placing roads, and perhaps the most important setting taxes. Who would not like to have control of their own little world where they had this much power? After all of the major building decisions have been decided, the player presses the start button and watches the city grow. While playing the game, the player must continue to expand the city, by adding more of the buildings and utilities that they added before the games started.

Creationism in the Classroom

Derek Dougherty English 1302 Turman 11/1/2010 Creationism in the Classroom Many Christians believe that the earth and all things on it were created by God in six days. This is denied by the theory of evolution. Since the origins and development of life are an important part of the school science curriculum, the question of what schools should and should not be allowed to teach is an important one. There are many problems that present themselves when attempting to tackle the issue of teaching creationism in a public school setting.The first being, does creationism even qualify as a science? If it is not scientifically testable then it should not be taught alongside evolution in a classroom setting. However some creationist supporters claim that it is scientifically testable and that its theories are consistent with the scientific method. The next logical question to ask is should the controversy be taught in a science classroom setting? Many people are against the idea of teaching two conflicting ideas in the same classroom setting because of the implications it would have on the children.Others say if creationism is to be taught, it shouldn’t be taught in a science classroom. If you have two conflicting ideas that cannot come to terms and be taught in harmony then one must be selected over the other. Creationism is not science; it is not scientifically testable, and does not belong in the science classroom. While both creationist and evolutionists have very convincing arguments, the question isn’t what is best morally or ethically for the children.The question is what will best prepare them for their continued education, and seeing how evolution is the basis for biology and a wealth of other sciences, creationism holds no ground and was even found unconstitutional to be taught. According to the Center for Science and Culture Intelligent design can best be described as â€Å"Certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection (CSC). † This idea is the basis of creationism, and stems from religious doctrine such as the bible that state the world was created in a matter of days rather than illions of years. Bibles and other holy doctrines are not allowed to be used by a teacher for any purpose, so regardless of anything else, it is against the law for a teacher to teach out of these doctrines. In the 1987 Supreme Court case of Edwards v. Aguillard it was decided that, â€Å"Educators may not teach, either as scientific fact or even as an alternative or competing theory, the theory that humankind was created by a divine being. In science classes, educators must present only scientific explanations for life on earth and scientific critiques of evolution.The U. S. Supreme Court has held that it is unconstitutional to require educators who teach evolution also to teach creationism (Religion). † Justice William Brennan wen t on to write in the majority opinion that â€Å"†¦creationism could not be taught as an alternative to evolution because of its religiosity, but that teaching a variety of scientific theories about the origins of humankind to schoolchildren might be validly done with the clear secular intent of enhancing the effectiveness of science instruction (Moore 303). Creationists used this as an invitation and legal right for making scientific alternatives and teaching them in public school. The most popular of these â€Å"alternatives† was Intelligent Design (Moore 303). Justice Brennan’s intent in stating that teaching alternative theories could be done was not to invite creationists to make up more alternative theories. Brennan was simply stating that teaching a multitude of theories to children could be beneficial to them if it was clear that they were all equal and that one was not superior to the other.In response to the question, Can creationism be scientific? Theo dore M. Drange had this to say, â€Å"Yes, creationism can be a scientific theory, because naturalistic creationism (in sharp contrast with theistic creationism) would be scientific if it were ever to be pursued by empirical method. That is not anything that has ever been done, but it is at least possible (Drange). † Drange implies that naturalistic creationism, which is a form of creationism that makes no reference to God or any supernatural beings, is scientific and thus could be scientifically testable.But given that no creationist wishes to teach creationism in this form, the fact remains that theistic creationism is not scientific. Drange explains that the reason theistic creationism is not scientific is due to the fact that it is theistic. It has nothing to do with the appeal to creation merely that theism is involved discredits it as scientifically provable theory (Drange). In 2000 the Kansas Board of Education removed â€Å"†¦all references to the origin of huma ns and the age of the earth at the urging of conservative Christians (Moore 339). Not only was this a borderline illegal act, but it was irresponsible of the School district to give in to the public fantasy that creationism is okay to be taught in schools. In April of 2001 an article was put in the New York Times discussing the Board’s decision to overturn their previous ruling, â€Å"When Kansas School officials restored the theory of evolution to statewide education standards a few weeks ago, biologists might have been inclined to declare victory over creationism.Instead, some evolutionists say, the latter stages of the battle in Kansas, along with new efforts in Michigan and Pennsylvania as well as in a number of universities and even in Washington, suggest that the issue is far from settled (Glanz). † We are not here to argue the religious implications of discrediting creationism as a viable alternative to evolution. It has been proven and reinforced by the Supreme Court that creationism has no place alongside evolution in Science. Teaching a theory that discredits the rest of the teaching in that science class is preposterous.The only part of evolution that is a theory is why it occurs, not how it occurs, whereas creationism in itself is a theory that has very little watertight evidence to support its claims. The bottom line is that creationism has a place in the lives of our children, but that place is not in the science classroom or any classroom in a state funded school. We risk undermining our constitutional right to separation of church and state if we were to teach creationism as an alternative or even alongside evolution.The battle to keep creationism out of the classroom has already been won, but the war between the two sides still rages on. Even today there are laws trying to be enacted to push Creationism into schools. We must remain vigilant and wary of these laws that are meant to undermine our rights, and remind ourselves that t his issue isn’t about what you should believe; it’s about what we should teach.Works Cited â€Å"CSC – Top Questions. † Discovery Institute. Web. 03 Nov. 2010.

Operation Bluestar Essay

The topic of â€Å"Operation Bluestar† is a very controversial issue because of where the Operation took place and all the events that occured. Operation Bluestar, was the code name given by the Indian government. It was an operation to evict Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and his followers from the Golden Temple. The Golden Temple is one of the most sacred places of worship for the Sikh community. It is also one of the oldest Sikh temples around. The Golden Temple is known has the Harmandir Sahib, and is located in the city of Amritsar. Many questions arise to why something like this would happen in the first place. Bhindranwale was a Sikh fundamentalist. He was a leader of the Damdami Taksaal. The Damdami Taksaal is a Sikh religious intuition and it was founded by the tenth Sikh Guru. Bhindranwale directed the campaign of terrorism in Punjab. He was associated with the movement of an independent Sikh state. The state would have been known has â€Å"Khalistan†, but there was very little support of it in Punjab by Sikhs. Bhindranwale had been a problem for a couple of years before Operation Bluestar. He and his followers had been murdering and intimidating moderate Sikhs and Hindus. They increased the pressure on Indira Gandhi to do something about it. By this point Bhindranwale and his close followers transformed the Akal Takht, his headquarters within the Golden Temple. He had changed it to an armory and a sanctuary for terrorists, and from here he conducted his campaign. This is when Operation Bluestar comes into play. Indra Gandhi has initiated the attack on May 31, 1984 on the Golden Temple. The Golden Temple is located in the city of Amritsar and it is a sacred place of worship for the Sikh religion. Gandhi waited six months before finally ordering the army to get Bhindranwale and his followers out. Many say that Ghandi waited six month in order to build a positive public opinion about it, because it would have sparked a lot more negativity than it already did. Five days before the army entered the Golden Temple, 48 people were killed. The only way now that Gandhi could get Bhindranwale out was to use force, so she sent in the army in to the Golden Temple. The army was not prepared, because there were a lot more extremists than expected, they were also armed far better than intelligence reported. The extremists had responded to the army’s first initial call for surrender with machine guns. The operation turned into a bloody 3-day siege. 576 people were killed, 83 of them being soldiers from official count, but unofficial counts suggest that estimate to be as high as 1,000. The Operation left many scars, approximately 1,000 army members were involved and a casualty rate of one-third of four officers. Bhindranwale was found dead in the basement of the Akal Takht, along with the leader of the Sikh Student Federation, and a sacked major general of Indian Army who had reportedly trained Sikh terrorists. Gandhi had also sent the Indian army into Punjab on June 2nd, 1984, to surround thirty-eight Sikh temples that had believed to been harboring Sikh militants under the command of Bhindranwale. Throughout the sate of Punjab, Akali leaders were placed under arrest. The generals in charge of Operation Bluestar consisted of 4 Sikhs and 2 of another cast. Their involvement did little to reduce the sense of humiliation and the anger among nearly all the Sikhs. The Golden Temple also suffered damage, the Temple is also known as the Harmandir Sahib. Both the terrorists and the army had destroyed it. The terrorists used it for gun placements and army had attacked it. The Akhal Takht suffered the most serious damage and the precious Golden Temple Library was set on fire. Almost all Sikhs were outraged by all the destruction that was caused to the Temple. The main question that everyone has is why did Bhindranwale choose to hide in the Golden Temple with his militants and weapons, when he could have went anywhere else. It is because he thought he would be safe their. He never thought that the Indian Government would attack him their because it is a sacred place of worship for all Sikhs. Also a government cannot allow armed militants to enter and attack a holy place. Bhindranwale thought of it in both ways, if they attack he would have an advantage as well. By having the government attacking a holy place many people would be outraged such as the Sikhs, the Sikhs and other people would then be against the Indian Government because of what they did. That is exactly what happened, the government attacked and that sparked the anger between all Sikhs, no matter what they thought of Bhindranwale and his battle for â€Å"independence† that he wanted. By hiding in the Golden Temple and having the army attack, it really helped Bhindranwa le get his message out to the people. The attacks made the news world wide, and he became famous and people started to know what he was fighting for. Another reason of him hiding there was that many civilians were in the Golden Temple and that made him believe that the Indian Government would not attack, because that would kill innocent people. But the Indian Government did just that. The government, while being successful in killing Bhindranwale, took the lives of many innocent men, women, and y children. Bhindranwale, while knowing that many civilians would be in the area that could be harassed and killed, he still chose to stay their. That might have been intentionally done, or he might not have known that. But it ended up being deadly for the civilians. Bhindranwale’s actions caused a lot of damage to the Golden Temple, by converting into a battlefield with a lot of bloodshed of innocent people. But this was all done because of his cause of creating Khalistan. Many may inquire why the Indian Government finally decided to attack the Golden Temple a holy place of worship, after a six-month period of not doing anything. Many people believe that the Indian Government did wrong by attacking the Golden Temple, but you have to analyze both sides before coming to a proper conclusion. The Government was wrong at attacking at a holy place but they had to because Bhindranwale would not surrender himself. The army had asked him to surrender, however Bhindranwale refused to and in turn he started firing back at the army. The Army had no choice, so they fired back and this is how the innocent victims were killed along wit the Golden Temple being destroyed by all the gunfire. The Indian Government were not the only ones to destroy it, although many may think that Bhindranwale had his own machine guns at the temple and he was also a big contributor to the destruction of it. Had he had surrendered then, the many people that were killed would not have been and the Golden Temple would not have been damaged in any way. The Sikhs would also have not been angered. One thin that makes the Indian Government seem really bad is the fact that they decided to attack the Golden Temple in the same week as the Sikh religious day known as the martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev. Guru Arjan dev was the one who completed the Golden Temple. It was founded by the fourth Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Ramdas. The Indian Government knew that thousands of Sikhs would gather. This is one of the reasons of such a high casualties rate of Sikhs. A direct connection of it being the Indian army’s fault cannot be made because both Bhindranwale and Indian Government made mistakes. One side cannot be blamed for it all. The people affected by the whole Bluestar Operation were the many of the Sikhs and Hindus as well. Many Sikhs and Hindus died because of the Operation taking place. The Sikhs died directly because it and the Hindus died because the Sikhs were angered. The Indian Police targeted many Sikhs after the Bluestar Operation, if they seemed to have any ties with Bhindranwale or believed in what he was standing for they would be killed or harassed. Many Sikhs became martyrs and held off the Indian army for as long as they possibly could. A total of about 250 men had kept the army out of the Golden Temple. The army consisted of over 250,000 troops. The army had entered the Temple after six days of the Sikhs stopping them from entering. They started killing innocent Sikhs who came to visit the Temple to celebrate the religious day. When the army came to know that only 250 stopping any army of troops, they were angered and humiliated. The Sikhs in the temple were lined up and shot at point blank range. They ranged from the eldest of people to the adults and the children, no one was spared. What really hurt the Sikhs was that their sacred artifacts and library was burned. Also literature written by the Sikhs Gurus was also not found after the attacks. It has been said that the army had taken it, but they state that it had been destroyed during the attack. The city of Amritsar had been destroyed. Many visitors visiting from other countries around the world had been arrested or killed. Sikh shops were robed and houses had been burned. Hindus also had a role in the killing of the Sikhs. Groups of Hindus went to Sikh households and burned the Sikhs alive. They also raped the Sikh women and violated pregnant women. The Sikhs that were being targeted were young males ranging from 4 to 40 years of age. The Indian Government had feared that the younger Sikh males would rebel and that by killing them would diminish the young Sikh community and the Sikh population would not flourish. They hoped that maybe the Sikh community would disappear and no longer be a problem for them. The main reason why many of the Sikhs were going through this was because Hindus wanted to destroy Sikhism. When Sikhs in other places found out about the attack that occurred in Amritsar, they rebelled. The Sikhs killed many Hindus that were in high rank. The Indian Government then noticed this movement by the Sikhs and quickly acted on it. They began arresting Sikhs and killing them. Over 40,000 Sikhs were in jail with being charged. Before the Bluestar Operation Sikhs and Hindus were killing each other. When a Hindu would kill a Sikh, the police would do nothing about it, but when a Sikh killed a Hindu the Police would arrest and punish them. After all had happened to the Sikhs they still stuck together and rebelled to take over the Golden Temple that was theirs. They were successful in doing so. Bibliography Kundu, A â€Å"The Indian Armed Forces’ Sikh and Non-Sikh Officers’ Opinions of Operation Blue Star.† Pacific Affairs, Vol. 67, No. 1 (Spring, 1994), 46-69. www.jstor.com Hardgraven, L.R. â€Å"India in 1984: Confrontation, Assassination, and Succession.† Asian Survey, Vol. 25, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1984: Part II (Feb., 1985),131-144. www.jstor.com Major, A. â€Å"From Moderates to Secessionists: A Who’s Who of the Punjab Crisis.† Pacific Affairs, Vol. 60, No. 1 (Spring, 1987), 42-58. www.jstor.com Mahmood, C.K. â€Å"Sikh Rebellion and the Hindu Concept of Order.† Asian Survey, Vol. 29, No. 3 (Mar., 1989), 326-340. www.jstor.com Fair, Christine. â€Å"Fighting in the Inner Sanctum: Counterinsurgency Operations in the Golden Temple:† Conference Papers – International Studies Association (2007 Annual Meeting 2007): 1.Academic Search Premier. http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/search?vid=1&hid=7&sid=d188ab48-80c0-42db-99ab-6df66e12e9c0%40sessionmgr11 Nijhawan, M. â€Å"From Divine Bliss to Ardent Passion: Exploring Sikh Religious Aesthetics through the â€Å"DhÄ DÄ «Ã¢â‚¬  Genre.† History of Religions, Vol. 42, No. 4

Bacons Rebellion Essays

Bacons Rebellion Essays Bacons Rebellion Paper Bacons Rebellion Paper In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon rebelled and held a revolt in Colonial Virginia. High taxes, low prices for tobacco, and resentment against special privileges given those close to the governor, Sir William Berkeley, provided the background for the uprising. These factors made the rebellion inevitable. All of the chaos was precipitated by Governor Berkeleys failure to defend the frontier against attacks by Native Americans. Bacon commanded two unauthorized but successful expeditions against the tribes and was then elected to the new House of Burgesses, which Berkeley had been forced to convene. Berkeley then sent out a warrant for his arrest and Bacon was put in jail. Bacon soon was released and he immediately gathered his supporters, marched to Jamestown, and convinced the demeaning Berkeley into granting him a commission to continue his campaigns against Native Americans. Bacon took control of the colony, but then died of a sudden death. Nevertheless, Nathaniel Bacon is a legend for his rebellious nature, and the response of the colonists was inevitable. Bacons Rebellion can be interpreted in a variety of other ways, but it all began as a power struggle between two stubborn and selfish leaders. The rebellion was essentially motivated by the oppression of indentured servants, and as a response to the economic recession. The situation was unavoidable, and would have happened eventually, but Bacon’s Rebellion can be attributed to a myriad of causes, all of which led to dissent in the Virginia colony. There were a substantial number of issues within the colony. During that time, the economy was an immense issue. The main agricultural crop was tobacco. Tobacco prices were declining and competition between the colonies was extreme. Commercial competition was growing between Maryland, Virginia, and the Carolinas and the English market became increasingly restricted. Rising prices of English manufactured goods caused a great deal of problems for the Virginia Colony. Mercantilism was a huge downfall within the society. There were heavy English losses in the latest series of naval wars with the Dutch. Moreover, closer to home, there were many problems caused by the crazy weather. The constantly changing weather left the colony and colonists in chaos. Hailstorms, floods, dry spells, and hurricanes rocked the colony during one year and had a damaging effect on the colonists. Inevitably, these difficulties encouraged the colonists to find a scapegoat. They needed to find something to vent their frustrations and place the blame for their misfortunes. With the immense frustration and anger among the colonists, they began to scapegoat the local Indians. To ward off future attacks and to control the situation, Governor Berkeley instigated the matter. He set up what was to be a disastrous meeting between the parties, which resulted in the murders of several tribal chiefs. In the meantime, Berkeley continually pleaded for restraint from the colonists. Some, including Nathaniel Bacon, refused to listen. Bacon disregarded the Governors direct orders by seizing some friendly Appomattox Indians for â€Å"stealing† corn. Berkeley scolded him, which caused the disgruntled Virginians to wonder which man had taken the right action. Significantly, Berkeley could not compromise earning resentment from about 1,000 Virginians. They fiercely resented Governor Berkeley for his policies toward the Indians. When Berkeley refused to retaliate for a series of savage Indians on frontier settlements after monopolization of fur trade, the colonists violently took matters into their own hands. The crowd murderously attacked Indians and chased Berkeley from Jamestown. The crowds ran rampant and torched the capitol. A prominent civil war in Virginia began and carried on. Ironically, Bacon suddenly died from disease. The governor took advantage of this and crushed the uprising, forcing the death penalty on some twenty rebels. Charles II complained of the penalties dealt by the irresponsible and arrogant governor. Due to the rebellions and tensions that were all started by Bacon, lordly planters looked for other less troublesome and chaotic laborers to work on the tobacco plantations. The unfortunate fact is that colonial slavery became extremely notorious in the Middle and Southern Colonies after this occurred. Thus, one of the most unusual and complicated chapters in Jamestowns history ended. Could it have been prevented or was it time for inevitable changes to take place in the colonial governmental structure? The tension and chaos throughout all the colonies eventually led to the First American Revolution. But at that time in Colonial Virginia, the inefficient laws were no longer effective in establishing clear policies to deal with problems or to instill new lifeblood into the colonys economy. Something along the nature of rebellion could have always occurred. Simply, the infinite number of problems that were affecting the colony before Bacon’s Rebellion gave rise and character to Nathaniel Bacon. At first glance, the nature of Bacon’s Rebellion does seem to be the beginnings of Americas quest for Independence, but this was just on incident. Closer examination of this period in history illustrates what Jamestown’s situation truly was: a power struggle between two very strong personalities that almost destroyed Jamestown. A class brawl within an Indian conflict, Bacons Rebellion revealed the mixed motivations and tangled outcomes of warfare in colonial America.

Practice in Using the Prepositions In, Into, On, and At

Practice in Using the Prepositions In, Into, On, and At Complete each of the following ​sentences with the appropriate preposition: in, into, on, or at. When youre done, compare your responses with the answers below. Assignment Slocum stepped (in, into, on, or at) the elevator and pressed the button for the fifth floor.As Slocum stood silently (in, into, on, or at) the elevator, the woman beside him began to sing.The woman was wearing a paper crown (in, into, on, or at) her head.Slocum was scheduled for an appointment in the clinic (in, into, on, or at) the fifth floor.He was due for his appointment (in, into, on, or at) five minutes.Slocum spotted a large dead roach (in, into, on, or at) the greasy floor of the elevator.Slocum stared (in, into, on, or at) the roach for a few seconds and then closed his eyes.He slipped (in, into, on, or at) a familiar fantasy world.In that world, dolphins were swimming (in, into, on, or at) a circle around him.When the doors opened (in, into, on, or at) the fifth floor, the elevator was empty. Answers Here youll find the answers (in bold) to the above exercise. Slocum stepped  into  the elevator and pressed the button for the fifth floor.As Slocum stood silently  in  the elevator, the woman beside him began to sing.The woman was wearing a paper crown  on  her head.Slocum was scheduled for an appointment in the clinic  on  the fifth floor.He was due for his appointment  in  five minutes.Slocum spotted a large dead roach  on  the greasy floor of the elevator.Slocum stared  at  the roach for a few seconds and then closed his eyes.He slipped  into  a familiar fantasy world.In that world, dolphins were swimming  in  a circle around him.When the doors opened  on  the fifth floor, the elevator was empty.

Legalize Google Glasses while Driving Assignment

Legalize Google Glasses while Driving - Assignment Example They are efficient in enabling a driver to check on literally all features of a vehicle such as fuel levels, the GPS, weather and temperatures and such other features that normally require one to make eye contact from the road to the dashboard of the vehicle or on phone. There are thus profound advantages while using the glasses but critiques argue that the use is equally as dangerous as the concentration of a person definitely shifts from the road to the features on display on the glasses. Proponents of the legalization of the glasses argue that they are covered in the legislation on support to use of hands-free gadget while driving to minimize the likelihood of accidents. Fact: The head-mounted technology in use with the Google glasses are a great revolution in modern day but lawmakers are increasingly getting disturbed by the use of such computerized technology. In fact, the legislature in West Virginia is in the process of amending existing legal infrastructure to get the offense in use of Google glasses while driving. Cause: As many get disturbed with increased rates of accidents through use of cell phones while driving the support of such measures to ban completely the use of the phones while one drive would be instrumental in addressing the issue. Effect: It is likely to produce positive effects as required in reducing rates of road accidents by banning the use of the phones while on road. This would encourage the use of hands-free communication devices while driving. Summary: Melnick Meredith, â€Å"NTSB Calls for a National Ban on Cell Phones Behind the Wheel† 2011. Web. 26 March 2014. Melnick shows that risks of car crash increase greatly by the use of cell phones while driving.  

Nonprofit Sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nonprofit Sector - Essay Example Secondly, comments have been directed toward nonprofit organizations in regards to their lack of market discipline as a predominant cause of their limited self-sustainability. Other factors involve rising service and administration costs, and the increased competition for limited donations amongst nonprofit organisations. By becoming a commercial enterprise nonprofits are able to leverage former sources of funding. Nonprofits are seeking additional revenue such as setting up peripheral commercial businesses as a way to add to their fee paying programs that do not generate profits. In many cases this is a strategy in which they can raise community awareness of their cause and simultaneously make money. Some nonprofits have sought to commercialize their key programs, relying less on donations and moving to fee payments by beneficiaries, or creating contracts with government organisations or corporations. Alternatively, nonprofits may charge a corporation, which in turn charges its beneficiaries for a once free service.

Diversity at London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games and Research Paper

Diversity at London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympics Games Ltd - Research Paper Example The researcher states that diversity in the workforce can be categorized into these two aspects; functional level diversity and surface-level diversity. In today’s world firms need innovative ideas to sustain and flourish, a diverse workforce provides the proficiency to generate superb ideas for the company’s success. In order for LOCOG to stage a game for everyone, the corporation has the mandate to create a truly inclusive culture where diversity is valued and celebrated. Diversity is a fundamental part of the 2012 games and must remain at the heart of everything LOCOG does. Recruitment and development skills are critical components of achieving diversity objectives. LOCOG will establish the desired level of diversity for our workforce, suppliers, officials, and spectators, only by welcoming the world. Diversity management The human resource department can help LOCOG attain the vision of diversity by recruiting the workforce that is truly diverse, this workforce has t o incorporate all strands of diversity in disability, age, ethnicity, faith, and belief. The department should also regularly communicate the vision of diversity and inclusion to the workforce and stakeholders. The human resource department should also provide the workforce with the necessary tools that will enable them to integrate diversity and inclusion in their everyday work. Diversity management can help a LOCOG attain its mission in the following ways: 1. It will create a competitive advantage for the organization; members can provide the organization with knowledge resources. Diversity also produces a flexible, proactive and energized institution. 2. The organization will become more knowledgeable of the diverse customers; diverse members can understand and help customers who are similar to them. 3. Customers feel more comfortable when dealing with members of the organization, who seem similar to them, and that makes the customer feel an identity with the organization members . 4. Complex tasks usually require complex and collective input. This requires knowledge resources like skills information and different perspectives that can be provided by diverse members. 5. Diversity management will help LOCOG in increasing problem solving by providing a knowledge resource, diverse members can provide novel approaches, information, and immensely perspectives in the solving of the organizations’ problems.

Globalization And Environmental Education Education Essay

Globalization And Environmental Education Education Essay The two topics that I have chosen from the sessions are globalisation and sustainable development. I am interested to look at the views from globalisation and environmental education by looking beyond the sustainable development (what is sustainable development, the principles and the importance). First of all, before discussing further in details on the topic of sustainable development, we should know that globalisation and education are world wide issues that interrelated to each other. There is a significant amount of research involving the study of intertwined worldwide discourses, processes, and institutions affecting local educational practices and policies regarded to globalisation and education. Spring (2008) suggests that there are four major theoretical perspectives relating to globalisation and education. They are; world culture, world systems, postcolonial, and culturalist. Many researchers endorse that the major global educational discussions are about the knowledge economy and technology, lifelong learning, global migration or brain circulation, and neoliberalism. However, there are critics of current global trends support educational alternatives that will preserve local languages and cultures, ensure progressive educational practices that will protect the poor against the rich, and protect the environment and human rights. I found this is interesting and we should have a view that sustainable development is a global issue as well as the local one (Atkinsson, 1999). Therefore, personally I interested on the theme of sustainable development which is linked with that of the global dimension within the cross-curricular dimensions of the National Curriculum. I believe as a future teacher, this topic would be interesting to be discussed and analysed. This is because in the future I probably will be addressed by such responsible to educate students with such knowledge. Definition of globalisation and sustainable development Definition of globalisation The term globalisation is used in a variety of contexts, supposedly to indicate economic interdependency and the power exerted by some multinational corporations that no longer have strong links with any particular country, but see themselves as transcending national boundaries (Soubnita, A.T, Sheram. et. 2000). The technological revolution seems to be one of the most powerful engines of the globalisation process (Friedman, 1995: 341) I learned that globalisation is a term that has a very wide definition. Different groups will define it differently and will have different views on what globalisation really is. Moreover, I found that there are numbers of the definition for the term globalisation mostly emphasizing its agendas of growing prosperity and development opportunities for all. Green and Bare (2000) have the ideas that globalisation is the terrible triumph of unrestrained capitalism and the resulting cultural homogenization, the domination of the United States, plundering of the environment, and the widening gap between the rich and poor. Definition of sustainable development As globalisation is requiring development, therefore I believe that the need to avoid further depletion of the world resources in order to develop this world is a general understanding on the definition of sustainable development term. A conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 by the United Unions manifest the first international attempt to draw up action plans and strategies in order to moving towards a more sustainable development. Dresner (2002) mentions about the discussion made in the Brutland Commission in the 1987 where sustainable development was appealed as the resolution of the environmental problems. From the reading on several articles and books, I agree that sustainable development is about ensuring that people can fulfil their basic needs, while preserving the environment so that the future generation can also have the same or even better quality of life. Moreover, I understood that sustainable development recognises that the three pillars the economy, society and the environment which are all interconnected. I interested with a statement that; Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. (IISD, 2012) 1.3 Personal views My stand is that the concept of sustainable development can be understood in many different ways, but at its most basic is an approach to development that looks to balance differently, and the needs against the awareness of the environmental, social and economic limitations that we face nowadays. Therefore, I believe that sustainable development is about improving ways of implementing things, for the benefits of both the future and the present time. For the sake of sustainability, we might face many changes in the way we life but that does not mean that our quality of life will be reduced. Thus, from the definition of globalisation in relation to sustainable development I could say that sustainable development is a global issue that needs everyone to play their roles in order to ensure it is a success. Of course, there are goods and bad things regarding globalisation and the relation to the context of sustainable development. Globalisation and sustainable development in environmental aspects I am interested with one of the dominant principles of sustainable development which states that sustainable development is to live within our environmental limit (Dresner,2002). To clarify, the principle is respecting the limits of the earths environment, resources of biodiversity with aims to improve the environment and ensure that our natural worlds resources needed for life are not damaged and remain for future generations. Firstly, Dresner (2002) suggests that one of the principles of sustainable development is any development activity should help to sustain and not endanger our resources. We should have noticed that the Earths life-support systems are draining that once fertile areas can no longer sustain people ( Atkisson, 1999) ; fish resources have been depleted; the atmosphere, water courses and our food supplies have been polluted. It is challenging, to predict its effect on the ecosystems. For this reason, I believe that there is a need to apply the preventative principle that we can do to bring back our environments, which in turn opens up with many new development opportunities. Examples include organic farming and replanting trees. There is an idea that suggests if we are to sustain the planet, we must control population growth and change our patterns of consumption (IUCN, UNEP and WWF (1991)). Moreover, the worlds environment has continued to deteriorate (IUCN, UNEP and WWF (1991)). For example, deforestation at a rate of 14 million hectares a year; greenhouse gases are still increasingly pumped into the atmosphere, and there is a big amount of report mentions that the US has rejected the Kyoto Protocol and the present targets for emission reductions are clearly inadequate. Furthermore, there is a forthcoming crisis of water shortages around the world,and in India the problem is already there where some parts of India the people is still struggling to get enough fresh and clean water supply; and may news reporting that new technologies such as genetic engineering pose new environmental and health threats (IUCN, UNEP and WWF (1991)). I look all these matters with questions, if all these problems are revolving around the world, what is sustainable development really is? How successful is the idea to sustain the development? Globalisation and sustainable development in society To discuss further, I agree that the focus of sustainable development is to look it beyond just the environment. Atkisson (1999) mentions that it is also about to guarantee a strong, healthy and just society. Thus, I believe this means meeting the various needs of all people in existing and future communities, promoting personal well-being, social cohesion and inclusion, and creating equal opportunity (Orr, 1992). In addition, Spring (2008) advises that our attitude on development affects everyone. The impacts of decisions made in a society have very real concerns in others lives. For instance,a poor planning of communities, reduces the quality of life for the people who live in them. Sustainable development proposes a way to making better decisions on the issues that affect all of our lives (Orr, 1992). For example, we can ensure that residents have easy access to healthcare and leisure facilities by uniting health plans into the planning of new communities (Spring,2008). As I understood from sessions of the lessons, our world is not always fair. I find out that the majority of the global population does not have access to adequate resources; and these same people also suffering unjustly from pollution, depletion of resources and land degradation. Therefore, there still a question that pop-out in my mind; How do we work towards greater fairness, environmental justice and social sustainability? A report states that South Africa has taken a massive step forward by eliminating unfair apartheid laws and appointing a democracy that recognises equal rights (Cassius Lubisi, 2008). However, inequalities remain in the way people participate in the economy and benefit from it. On the other hand, there are demands for fairness in international trade procedures, which currently benefit the wealthiest nations when the wealthy people becoming wealthier while the poor stay poor or even poorer; and many cases on the discrimination against the less powerful ones. There are sum of research reporting economic injustices within each country. Therefore, in my view, economic policies and practices need a review in terms of their impacts on people and the world. To discuss further, we should know that social sustainability and well-being also involves education, health and a healthy environment, security, opportunities for relaxation and spiritual renewal, and peoples right to participate in decisions that affect them and not only dependent on jobs or income (Orr, 1992). This is also including the right to information about the environmental health impacts of development activities, and the right to legal action if such activities prove to be dangerous. Globalisation and sustainable development in economics limitation Speaking through the economics specs, Dreser (2002) suggests that to achieving a sustainable economy is meant to develop a durable, stable and sustainable economic development which provides chances for all, and in which environmental and social costs fall on those who enact them (polluter pays resolution), and efficient resource use is incentivised. A report from IISD (2012) states that sustainable development can lead to savings; as a result of SDC scrutiny, UK government has saved over  £60m by improving efficiency across its estate. I always have a thought that more development means for environmental protection and reduce poverty. Here a great mess started, because I believe linking the two concepts sustainability and development together opened the door for some to interpret the need for action as a need for more of the same development (Orr, 1992). They argued that where there is people in poverty and suffering, there is simply not sufficient economic growth. Thus, I assumed that the focus on the idea of sustainability shifted from nourishing living resources, to satisfying development. There are other better ways of thinking about development as a kind of development that would sustain or nourish people, including the poor, and at the same time not overshooting the Earths capacity to renew ecological resources. The Brundtland Report (1987) mentions about development that meets the needs of the present without conceding the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. These ideas really require us to think in a different way about the needs of the present, especially the dilemma of the most needy people, but also beyond them, about the future. Therefore, I personally think that we need to change our focus from continuously abandoning these parts of world to on how to sustain people and the mother earth and not following the old ambiguous path of economic growth as we concern about it. My view is that this belief should be about economic activities that endure people and earth and not about maintaining an economy, especially one based on development-as-growth, which is as noted would damage the earth and fails to benefit the majority of South Africans (Cassius Lubisi, 2008). Sustainable Development calls above all for reforms in the manner that some countries conduct their economic activities (Wackernagel and Rees,1996). Numerous measures have been proposed including: Removing unfair trade barriers Economists estimate that this would allow poorer countries to generate a total income three times the sum of official development aid; Removing Government subsidies that harm the environment and the poor; Upholding the polluter pays principle that those who do harm, must pay for redress; Instituting clear paths of responsibility and liability as for example, a CEO should be liable for the accuracy of a companys environmental reporting; Shifting the tax base from labour to resource use; in other words, rather than taxing us on what we earn through the work we do, tax us on our impacts and what we consume; Price products not only on what value has been added to them, but also in terms of what value they have deducted from the common natural resource base; Increase resource productivity ; create wealth with ever fewer resources. (Wackernagel and Rees,1996) I personally believe that truthful answers will require many companies to change either the nature of their business, or the way in which they go about it. Education for Sustainable Development 5.1 How to educate? In the 1990s, mounting concern over environmental and development problems has meant greater support for an educational approach, which not only considers immediate environmental improvement as an actual goal, but also addresses educating for sustainability in the long term (Wackernagel and Rees,1996). Although some education literature has embraced this new focus of environmental education for sustainability (EEFS), it has failed to outline the essence of this approach and has neglected questions about how it differs from the environmental education of the 1980s (Billet, 2001). No document exists to date which translates the goals of EEFS into guiding principles for its development in schools (Spring, 2008). Essentially, I think EEFS needs further definition. 5.2 Business, society, government and educational institutions Education for sustainable development is a life-wide and life-long learning endeavor which challenges individuals, institutions and societies to view tomorrow as a day that belongs to all of us, or it will not belong to anyone. (UNESCO, 2004:9) The United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005,2014) was initiated at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg. The Decade has achieved an agreement that sustainable development will remain nothing more than an interesting idea without education,. This global initiative has generated inspirational innovations around the world (IUCN, UNEP and WWF (1991)) which I think later bringing a very big impact to the world of education. 5.3 What is education for sustainable development? Billet (2001) mentions that the Environmental Education Association of Southern Africa (EEASA) has for years debated that environmental education is about sustaining all life, in socially and economically fairways. EEASA members have also seen environment as the interrelationships between ecological life-support systems and the economic, political and other social systems interrelating within and with the natural world (Billet, 2001). Thus, in my opinion, there is not much difference between environmental education and education for sustainable development. I would recommend that environmental education be not just for teachers to teach the students in school, but it is meant for everyone, in certain those who have an instant impact on the world as corporate or political decision-makers. The implementation of sustainable development in education is expected to produce a higher national workforce to enhance economic growth too (Mohd Zanal, 2009). Mohd Zanal views that an economical aspect is one element in Sustainable Development, and through education in which the country expects to produce more students who are more likely trained in field-related skills. The main question here is what are the elements required in the curriculum at the secondary school level if it would be supportive to the sustainable development of the country? However, based on my schooling experienced years back then, this idea of concerning and understanding of environmental education is not widely shared, and we used to have this one assumption in our mind that environmental education is only for children to learn about nature and how to preserve it. The Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (DESD) provides an opportunity to widen the public understanding of the role of education in moving towards ecological sustainability and social justice. This is good because I certain that it gives chances to bring the awareness the importance of education, apparently to educate people about ecological sustainability. Besides that, many countries can interpret education for sustainable development differently in ways that suit their certain context as advised by the lead agency for the Decade is UNESCO. This is because, reflecting back on the meaning of development, it is varied according to different groups views and needs. UNESCO itself has interpreted the idea as an umbrella concept for its various initiatives including the Education for All campaign associated with the Millennium Development Goals, as well as gender-sensitive education, rural development, health care, community involvement, literacy, HIV/Aids, human-rights education, peace education, and environmental education. This idea is hoped can be achieved and practised around the world. For a sense of what education for sustainable development might involve, I agree with the four domains of the Implementation Plan for the Decade: Creating access to basic education for all Re-orienting existing education programmes Raising public awareness and understanding Vocational and professional training for sustainability. The idea is to have Education for Sustainable Development in thousands of local situations on the ground, involving the integration of the principles of sustainable development in a multitude of different learning situations. (UNESCO) 5.3.1. Creating access to basic education for all Everyone should have a basic education if that particular countries are aiming to develop sustainably. In parts of the world, formal education is not yet universal especially for girls (UNICEF, May 2005). Schooling is compulsory in South Africa (Cassius Lubisi, 2008). On the other hand, report states that many children still do not go to school because of severe poverty, too few schools and poor communications and technology. There is also insufficient social support. It is reported that many learners stay home to care for babies and sick parents. In the many schools without ablution facilities, teenage girls are involuntary to miss classes each month. There is also a report states that some 40% of South Africas children are kept out of school to perform domestic duties or work in the fields. Even if a child makes it to school, governments limited capacity to organise existing resources often results in poor facilities and poor teaching (Cassius Lubisi, 2008). Thus I understood that these problems resulting to thousands of learners are dispossessed of the education that is not only their right, but the countrys key to social and economic development. 5.4 Teachers roles : Raising awareness and understanding : How? Creativity, teaching methods and industrial relations are the important elements of sustainable development efforts in the particular subject. This is consistent with the recommendations of Mohd Zanal (2009) who stated that sustainable development, in particular concerning to the development of teaching methods, interaction, participation, and collaboration in teaching and learning, should focus on hands-on experiences, visits to factories, field-work, laboratory work, and placement in specific industries. Mohd Zanal also ascertained that these methods would provide students with the necessary exposure and strengthen the sustainability of technical and vocational education. Supplementary teaching methods should also incorporate problem-solving skills, creativity, and innovation skills. Mohammad Sani (2001) considers that teachers undergo continuous education. This is prevalent particularly when viewed in a number of contexts such as changes in the educational environment itself, chan ges in the value of school and personal values, and changes in school management. This view was also supported by Halif (2006). The state training programs and courses in this service are essential in enhancing the level of teaching professionalism in facing challenges, which stem from outside the profession, such as the changing aspirations of society, and changes in technology. Internal challenges faced by teaching staffs ( the teachers, perhaps) would be the situation of educational organisations (governance), such as changes in curriculum, pedagogy and changes in government educational policies. Each student, for a certain period of time, will be placed in an industry related to their field of study. Billet (2001) viewed learning in the workplace as not only being very useful to students, but a matter which could not be avoided. Many students found the experience of working, partaking in conversation and gaining advice and knowledge from experienced employees pivotal in acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary for carrying out actual tasks. Further studies of learning in the workplace by Billet (1999, 2001) found that day-to-day activities in the work environment were a very important source of learning and experience to work. It was found that students received guidance in both direct forms through interaction with other employees and indirect form through observation and discussion of activities in the workplace. Workplace learning is also important to teachers or trainers and should become an in-service activity as part of their lifelong learning ( Mohammad Sani, 2001). Conclusion After all, I suggest that any significant efforts to improve the quality of teaching, the facilities at schools, and the health of communities is good steps to increasing access to basic education, and meeting the development requirement, which are fundamental to sustainable development. I believe that the challenge now is to help teachers to meet their responsibilities and do integrity to the exciting possibilities in the curriculum. I hope as a future teacher I would have the opportunity to teach this interesting topic on sustainable development as a global issue and be able to apply my understanding on the topic of globalisation and sustainable development.